The Name of the Father
Jesus came in order to reveal God in all His fullness ( John 1:18, Colossians 1:19). He revealed that God is Triune (Matthew 28:19).
The Father's one and only name is Yahweh ( Exodus 6:4). Both the Son and the Holy Spirit have the name of the Father. These three are one in name ( Matthew 28:19).
The name of God is expressive of His eternal nature ( Exodus 3:14). Therefore, the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit are of same eternal nature because they are of same name.
The Father's one and only name is Yahweh ( Exodus 6:4). Both the Son and the Holy Spirit have the name of the Father. These three are one in name ( Matthew 28:19).
The name of God is expressive of His eternal nature ( Exodus 3:14). Therefore, the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit are of same eternal nature because they are of same name.
The Fellows of the Father
Old Testament Partial Revelation on God's Plurality and Unity
These four Old Testament passages reveal that by using plural pronouns, God is shown to have fellow or fellows.
Genesis 1:26
Genesis 3:22
Genesis 11:7
Isaiah 6:8
It means that God is not a solitary being. Although God is one, yet He is not alone. This shows that whoever these fellows are, they are considered to be uniquely in unity with the one and only God. We can say that "they" are co-equally and co-eternally existing in some sort of unity and that this sort of unity makes "them" separate to all other gods. As to what makes them united, it is for the New Testament to tell us so.
Summary
The Old Testament reveals that God is not alone. He has a fellow or rather, fellows. The number of persons is yet to be revealed in the New Testament.
There is a hint of some sort of complex unity due to the exclusivity of the only God against the false gods.
New Testament Complete Revelation on God's Plurality and Unity
In the New Testament, it was revealed by the Messiah himself that God's fellows are the Son and the Holy Spirit.
Matthew 3:13-17
Matthew 28:19
John 1:1-18
John 14-16
There exists a Trinity of persons in one nature. The oneness that exists in these three persons is a oneness in nature.In other words, God is Triune (i.e. Three in Unity).
Definition of the Trinity
The English word ‘Trinity’ came from the Greek word ‘ Trias’ which means “three.”
The Trinity is the teaching that the Father, Son and Holy Spirit are three persons in unity or united in one divine nature.
The Person of God
A “Person” is a rational individual who has the following: mind(intellect), volition ( will) and passion ( emotion).
MIND
WILL
EMOTION
The Nature of God
A "nature" is something inherently belongs to someone.
The Divine Nature, in the context of the true God, is the nature of God himself.
Nature means "set of attributes."
In the Holy Scriptures, the word for this is many and they are the following:
THEOS in qualitative sense ( as in John 1:1).
THEIAS - divine nature ( God-like nature when used to creatures). 2 Peter 1:3, 4
THEIOS -divine nature ( Acts 17:29).
THEIOTES -divine nature ( Romans 1:20).
THEOTETOS - (dual meaning) divine nature plus divine identity. Colossians 2:9
The following are God's attributes:
God is eternal ( without beginning or ending of life) and hence, his attributes are all eternal.
Psalm 90:2, Romans 1:20
God is ( eternally) love:
1 John 4:8
God is (eternally) wise:
Romans 16:27
God is (eternally) good:
Mark 10:18
God is (eternally) omnipotent
Revelation 1:8
God is (eternally) omnipresent
Psalm 46:1, Psam 139:11-12
God is (eternally) omniscient
1 John 3:20
God is (eternally) immutable
Malachi 3:6, James 1:17
God's nature is eternally one ( Exodus 3:14, Romans 1:20) and it only exists in the three persons: Father, Son and Holy Spirit ( Matthew 28:19).Others , like Zeus, Hermes and Athena, are all "not gods by nature"( Galatians 4:8).
The Three are not equal in the following aspects:
Personhood
The Father, Son and Holy Spirit are not equally the same person. They are three distinct persons.The Father is not the Son vise versa ( Hebrews 1:5). The Holy Spirit is neither the Father nor the Son (John 14:16).
Role/Function
Immanent Trinity - Role/function in the Triune God.
The Father is over the Son( Matthew 28:18, 1 Corinthians 11:3). The Father is greater than the Son ( John 13:16, Galatians 4:4).
The Son is over the Holy Spirit (John 16:14-15). The Son is greater than the Holy Spirit ( John 13:16, 15:26)
The Father is the first person ( Matthew 28:19). He is the source of all including His two fellows. He is the Primus Inter Pares ( First among equals).
The Son is the second person. He is the only begotten from the Father ( John 1:14).
The Holy Spirit is the third person. He is the Spirit of both the the Father and the Son (Romans 8:11).
Economic Trinity - Role/function of the Triune God in the world.
The Father is greater than all ( John 10:29).
The Son is God over all (Romans 9:5) and Lord over all (Acts 10:36).
The Holy Spirit is the giver of life ( 2 Corinthians 3:6).
The Three persons are equal in the following activity:
Indwelling of believers
The Father dwells in the believer ( John 14:23).
The Son dwells in the believer ( John 14:23).
The Holy Spirit in the believer ( John 14:16-17).
These four Old Testament passages reveal that by using plural pronouns, God is shown to have fellow or fellows.
Genesis 1:26
Genesis 3:22
Genesis 11:7
Isaiah 6:8
It means that God is not a solitary being. Although God is one, yet He is not alone. This shows that whoever these fellows are, they are considered to be uniquely in unity with the one and only God. We can say that "they" are co-equally and co-eternally existing in some sort of unity and that this sort of unity makes "them" separate to all other gods. As to what makes them united, it is for the New Testament to tell us so.
Summary
The Old Testament reveals that God is not alone. He has a fellow or rather, fellows. The number of persons is yet to be revealed in the New Testament.
There is a hint of some sort of complex unity due to the exclusivity of the only God against the false gods.
New Testament Complete Revelation on God's Plurality and Unity
In the New Testament, it was revealed by the Messiah himself that God's fellows are the Son and the Holy Spirit.
Matthew 3:13-17
Matthew 28:19
John 1:1-18
John 14-16
There exists a Trinity of persons in one nature. The oneness that exists in these three persons is a oneness in nature.In other words, God is Triune (i.e. Three in Unity).
Definition of the Trinity
The English word ‘Trinity’ came from the Greek word ‘ Trias’ which means “three.”
The Trinity is the teaching that the Father, Son and Holy Spirit are three persons in unity or united in one divine nature.
The Person of God
A “Person” is a rational individual who has the following: mind(intellect), volition ( will) and passion ( emotion).
MIND
- The Father has a mind ( Isaiah 40:13).
- The Son has a mind ( 1 Corinthians 2:6).
- The Holy Spirit has a mind ( Romans 8:27).
WILL
- The Father has a will (Matthew 6:10).
- The Son has a will ( Ephesians 5:17).
- The Holy Spirit has a will ( 1 Corinthians 12:11).
EMOTION
- The Father loves (John 16:27).
- The Son loves ( John 15:9).
- The Holy Spirit loves (Romans 15:30).
The Nature of God
A "nature" is something inherently belongs to someone.
The Divine Nature, in the context of the true God, is the nature of God himself.
Nature means "set of attributes."
In the Holy Scriptures, the word for this is many and they are the following:
THEOS in qualitative sense ( as in John 1:1).
THEIAS - divine nature ( God-like nature when used to creatures). 2 Peter 1:3, 4
THEIOS -divine nature ( Acts 17:29).
THEIOTES -divine nature ( Romans 1:20).
THEOTETOS - (dual meaning) divine nature plus divine identity. Colossians 2:9
The following are God's attributes:
God is eternal ( without beginning or ending of life) and hence, his attributes are all eternal.
Psalm 90:2, Romans 1:20
God is ( eternally) love:
1 John 4:8
God is (eternally) wise:
Romans 16:27
God is (eternally) good:
Mark 10:18
God is (eternally) omnipotent
Revelation 1:8
God is (eternally) omnipresent
Psalm 46:1, Psam 139:11-12
God is (eternally) omniscient
1 John 3:20
God is (eternally) immutable
Malachi 3:6, James 1:17
God's nature is eternally one ( Exodus 3:14, Romans 1:20) and it only exists in the three persons: Father, Son and Holy Spirit ( Matthew 28:19).Others , like Zeus, Hermes and Athena, are all "not gods by nature"( Galatians 4:8).
The Three are not equal in the following aspects:
Personhood
The Father, Son and Holy Spirit are not equally the same person. They are three distinct persons.The Father is not the Son vise versa ( Hebrews 1:5). The Holy Spirit is neither the Father nor the Son (John 14:16).
Role/Function
Immanent Trinity - Role/function in the Triune God.
The Father is over the Son( Matthew 28:18, 1 Corinthians 11:3). The Father is greater than the Son ( John 13:16, Galatians 4:4).
The Son is over the Holy Spirit (John 16:14-15). The Son is greater than the Holy Spirit ( John 13:16, 15:26)
The Father is the first person ( Matthew 28:19). He is the source of all including His two fellows. He is the Primus Inter Pares ( First among equals).
The Son is the second person. He is the only begotten from the Father ( John 1:14).
The Holy Spirit is the third person. He is the Spirit of both the the Father and the Son (Romans 8:11).
Economic Trinity - Role/function of the Triune God in the world.
The Father is greater than all ( John 10:29).
The Son is God over all (Romans 9:5) and Lord over all (Acts 10:36).
The Holy Spirit is the giver of life ( 2 Corinthians 3:6).
The Three persons are equal in the following activity:
Indwelling of believers
The Father dwells in the believer ( John 14:23).
The Son dwells in the believer ( John 14:23).
The Holy Spirit in the believer ( John 14:16-17).